Glossary term

Effective tax rate

Effective tax rate is a broad tax-rate measure whose meaning depends on the tax amount and income base being compared.

Plain meaning

What effective tax rate means

Effective tax rate is often used to describe tax as a percentage of income, but the term is not always used consistently. The calculation is only clear when both the numerator and denominator are stated.

Formula role

How OpenBook uses it

OpenBook uses effective tax rate only where the calculator states the income base. In some contexts it may resemble average tax rate. In other contexts it may include taxes, credits, benefit reductions, or other cash-flow effects.

Common confusion

Not a substitute for marginal rate

An effective tax rate does not necessarily show the tax effect of earning or realizing one more dollar. That separate concept is the marginal tax rate.